Name: South american continent, referred to as South America.

 

Location: Located in the southern hemisphere, east Atlantic, west Pacific Ocean, north shore of the Caribbean Sea, south across the Drake Passage and the Antarctic sea. Generally bounded by the canal with the North American phase points.

Area: about 1797 million square kilometers (including nearby islands), the world's total land area of about 12%.

Scope: mainland east Branco angle (longitude 34 ° 46 ', latitude 7 ° 09'), south froward angle (longitude 71 ° 18 ', latitude 53 ° 54'), west to Pa Liniyasi angle (W 81 ° 20 ', latitude 4 ° 41'), north to gallinas angle (longitude 71 ° 40 ', north latitude 12 ° 28').

 

Geographical regions: from the geographical area divided as follows: South America, North Asian countries, including Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Venezuela and Colombia. The Andes in mid-Asian countries, including Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia. South America, South Asian countries, including Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Uruguay. South American countries of Eastern Brazil, with an area accounting for about half the total area of mainland China. .

 

Residents: Population distribution is uneven, the north-west and eastern coastal areas more densely populated, vast plains of the Amazon is less than one person per square kilometer, is the world's smallest population densities in the world. Most white residents, about half, followed by the Indo-European mixed-race people and Indians, blacks at least. Most of the residents to Catholicism, a few Christians. Indians with the Indian language, Brazil's official language is Portuguese, and French the official language is French Guyana, Guyana's official language is English, the main official language is Dutch Suriname, other countries are in Spanish, Mandarin.

 

Natural Resources: South America, rich in mineral resources, at present known, modern industry required more than 20 kinds of the most important, almost all of mineral raw materials. Petroleum, iron, all kinds of alloy elements, non-ferrous metals, precious metals, as well as nitrate, industrial use of natural crystal, mica and other films. Particularly among Venezuela's oil and gas, the Brazilian plateau, iron, manganese, natural crystal, Guyana, Suriname's bauxite plateau northeast of the Andean zone of copper, saltpeter, etc. the most important. Bismuth, antimony, silver, beryllium, sulfur, tin, mercury, platinum, lithium, uranium, vanadium, zirconium, thorium, diamond and other mineral reserves are also very rich. There are also rich in forest resources, the continent-wide area of the forest area of about 515. Amazon plains and lower slopes of the Andes near the equator with the world's most extensive tropical rain forest, rich in a variety of rare tropical trees such as mahogany, sandalwood, Tit Shu, kapok tree, Brazilwood, Balsam wood, rosewood and so on. Is extremely rich in aquatic resources along the coast of South America, where Chile's northern coast, as well as the cost of the southeast coast rich in tuna fish abound along the coast of Peru. Chile's coast rich in sardines, cod and whales. Brazil, Argentina, rich in coastal perch, mullet,, flounder, mackerel, cod and other fish. Peru's coast, Brazil, the two major fishing grounds along the coast of South America.

 

Economic summary: South American countries in the economic development level and economic strength are significant differences between. Brazil and Argentina as the most economically developed countries, together with Venezuela, Colombia, Chile and Peru, the six continents of gross domestic product accounted for more than 90%. Economies of both countries in the modern generation of highly concentrated in a few large cities or coastal areas, mountainous and remote areas are economically backward.

 

The mining industry in South America's traditional industrial sectors. Gold, silver, copper, tin and other precious metals and non-ferrous metal mining has a long history. Many mineral extraction plays an important role in the world. Chile's copper and saltpeter, Bolivia's tin and antimony, iron and manganese in Brazil, Venezuela's crude oil production, mostly highest in the world, or occupy an important position. Manufacturing industry is the fastest growing South American economy, sectors, steel, automobile, chemical, rubber, electrical equipment, metal products, machinery and equipment sector has a considerable strength. Brazil's steel production and automobile production has entered the ranks of great powers of world production. Light manufacturing industries in most countries in southern middle of the main body, to meat processing, sugar, beverages, leather, textiles, clothing, footwear more developed.

 

South America, vast territory, abundant water and heat conditions, agricultural production potential is great. Rich in sugar cane, bananas, coffee, cocoa, rubber, cinchona, sisal, cassava and other tropical and subtropical agriculture, forestry, specialty, yield rank in the world. Among them, Brazil's coffee, banana and cassava production ranking first in the world, Brazil's cocoa production ranks third in the world, Brazil's sisal production also accounts for an important position. Peru's fish catch, fish meal, fish gather in harvest yield, meat production in Argentina tops in the world.